source:power adapter Popular:adapter release time:2021-06-25 09:36:22 Article author:sznbone
The power adapter is the power source of the notebook computer. It is a high-quality switching power supply. Its working principle is the same as the switching power supply in home appliances such as color TVs. So what are the types of voltage references? Let's follow the power adapter manufacturers to learn about it!
The power adapter voltage reference is divided according to the working principle
(1) Parallel reference
Shunt Reference is shown in Figure 2-56. The shunt reference is connected in parallel with the load, and the reference voltage Uref=Uin-
lf×Rs=Uin-(Iq+Il)×Rs, when the input voltage Uin or the load current I is produced, this kind of reference maintains the stability of U by adjusting l. The parallel reference has only two pins, and the price is cheaper , It is more suitable for occasions where the load current changes little; the disadvantage is that the power consumption is relatively large, and the input voltage adjustment rate is not ideal. Common parallel reference models are LM358, AD589, etc.
6V power adapter voltage reference is divided by process technology
(2) Series reference
The series reference (Series Referenee) is shown in Figure 2-57. The series reference and the load are connected in series, and the reference voltage Uref=Uin-lf×Rs=Uin-(Iq+Il)×Rs. Because lq is very small and basically remains constant Therefore, when U. or l changes, the series reference maintains the stability of U by adjusting the resistance of the internal R. The series reference usually has 3 pins, input, output pressure difference and l. It can be made smaller, Therefore, it is more suitable for battery-powered occasions.Common series reference models are AD581, REF192, etc.
(1) Zener Standard
The advantages of Zener Reference are low cost, small package, and wide operating voltage range; the disadvantages are large power consumption, low initial accuracy, large temperature coefficient, and poor input voltage adjustment rate. It needs to be used according to the supply voltage and load. A resistor is connected in series to provide a certain current for it to keep the output voltage stable. The Zener reference is usually used in less demanding occasions, or as a voltage cap positioner.
(2) Buried Zener Standard
Buried Zener Reference has high initial accuracy, small temperature coefficient and good long-term drift stability, low noise voltage, and overall performance is better than other types of benchmarks, so it is often used for 12-bit or higher resolution In high-rate systems, the Zener benchmark usually requires a power supply voltage above 5V and consumes hundreds of microamps of current, which is more expensive.
(3) Band gap reference
Bandgap Reference's initial accuracy, temperature coefficient, long-term drift, noise voltage and other performance indicators cover a wide range from low to high, which is more suitable for systems with 8 to 10 bits of accuracy. This type of reference is common The type of purpose design also has a quiescent current as small as tens of microamperes, and the input and output voltage difference is low. It is suitable for battery-powered products. Because of the wide range of applications. Overall, the band gap benchmark performance is good and the price is moderate. It is the most cost-effective voltage reference.
(4) XFET benchmark
XFET is a new type of voltage reference. Its performance level is between band gap and Zener reference. The quiescent current is very small and can be used in 3V voltage systems, and it can still maintain good performance. XFET reference has 3 notable features. One is that under the same operating current conditions, its peak-to-peak noise voltage is usually several times lower than the bandgap reference; the second is that the XFET reference has a very flat or linear temperature coefficient curve in the industrial temperature range, and The temperature coefficient curve of the band gap and Zener reference is often non-linear at both ends of the temperature range. This non-linearity is not easy to be corrected by software; the third is that the XFET reference has excellent long-term drift stability.
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